Researchers at Cornell University are trying to figure out how to use the same mechanism that powers human sperm cells in medical nano robots. According to a CBC article (my source for this post),

By deconstructing the stages in the biological pathway sperm cells use to generate their relentless energy, researchers at the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine in the United States hope to recreate that process in an artificial device.

Medical nano robots are a very promising research direction for creating efficient mechanisms for medication delivery and for directly fighting disease, i.e., nano robots working along with natural white cells to fight viruses inside the human body. Medical nano robots can help us eliminate the problem of antibiotic resistant viruses once and for all and it is certainly one application of robotics that I am mostly looking forward to.

The CBC article, "Sperm power could drive nano-scale robots," has a nice overview of what the researchers have achieved so far and what they hope to do in the future given sufficient funding to continue their work.